
 保育與休閒部
 保育與休閒部  目錄
 目錄皮埃蒙特/山脈小溪流浮森林
此群的森林在較小階溪流沿著暫時被洪水棲息地,其中非常小規模的地形(例如河堤、露台、背沼)。這些社群在皮埃蒙特和山地區山谷的許多溪流和最小河流沿岸發生;沿著相對高坡度的小河流和山脈大溪流沿著的森林,以前被認為是一個獨特的群組(" 山上流森林 "),但現在已被合併為更廣泛的處理。土壤,洪水制度和花卉成分很多樣化。棲息地一般由狹窄的洪水平面組成,具有細小至粗糙的水泥土;山腳和山腳下的典型是岩石或岩石溪床。
Characteristic trees in the Piedmont and mountain valleys include sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), eastern boxelder (Acer negundo var. negundo), American elm (Ulmus americana), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), river birch (Betula nigra), red maple (Acer rubrum), yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava; southwestern Virginia only), black walnut (Juglans nigra), tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera), and black willow (Salix nigra). Shrubs include spicebush (Lindera benzoin var. benzoin), black haw (Viburnum prunifolium), American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), and American hazelnut (Corylus americana). Herbaceous composition varies greatly with site conditions and geography, but generally includes such characteristic species as mistflower (Conoclinium coelestinum), hollow joe-pye weed (Eutrochium fistulosum), thin-leaved sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus), cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), great blue lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica), American bugleweed (Lycopus americanus), Virginia bugleweed (Lycopus virginicus), fringed loosestrife (Steironema ciliatum), sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis var. sensibilis), fall phlox (Phlox paniculata), hispid hedge-nettle (Stachys hispida), tall meadow-rue (Thalictrum pubescens), and wingstem (Verbesina alternifolia) .
Along montane floodplains, most of the lower, streamside terraces are probably flooded briefly at least annually. More powerful, catastrophic floods occur at irregular intervals and may be very destructive to stream channels and vegetation. The forests of these habitats are characterized by a mixture of bottomland and mesophytic species. Among the most common trees are sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), white oak (Quercus alba), birches (Betula alleghaniensis and Betula lenta var. lenta), and tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera). Other trees that may be locally important are American beech (Fagus grandifolia), yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava), red maple (Acer rubrum), American elm (Ulmus americana) and, in far southwestern Virginia only, sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). Understory shrubs may include American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), great rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum), smooth alder (Alnus serrulata), willows (Salix sericea and Salix nigra), and witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana var. virginiana). Montane floodplain habitats are relatively well drained and support a great variety of mostly mesophytic herbaceous species such as hog-peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata), common jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum), green-and-gold (Chrysogonum virginianum var. virginianum), and golden ragwort (Packera aurea). More frequently flooded and hydric microhabitats along the stream channels, however, usually support some wetland species, e.g., twisted sedge (Carex torta), nodding sedge (Carex gynandra), fowl mannagrass (Glyceria striata var. striata), hooked buttercup (Ranunculus recurvatus var. recurvatus), and marsh blue violet (Viola cucullata).
與皮埃蒙特/山洪平原森林相比,這群組的社區佔據較小、地形上更多異質的洪水平原,並且植物多樣性較低。它們在弗吉尼亞州的記錄不足,並且由於過去廣泛的清潔、放牧、災難性洪水和侵入侵入的雜草,主要處於惡化狀態。參考文獻:庫林(1999),弗萊明(2002 a),弗萊明(2007),弗萊明和庫林(2001),弗萊明和穆爾黑德(2000),格姆博里斯(1974),胡普(1982),胡普(1986),奧爾森和胡普(1986),拉溫斯基等。(1994),拉溫斯基等。(1996)。
 © DCR-DNH,加里 ·P· 弗萊明。
© DCR-DNH,加里 ·P· 弗萊明。 
	

 下載下面列出的每種社群類型的組成摘要統計資料表。
下載下面列出的每種社群類型的組成摘要統計資料表。
	  
