
保育與休閒部
目錄阿巴拉奇沼澤
與滲漏沼澤一樣,這個群體的社區在弗吉尼亞州山地區沿著山谷底和上水溪流沿著平坦到緩斜坡的地下水排放區域。然而,樹木生理學更加開放,並具有飽和稀疏的樹林、灌木和草本植物,具有濃密的格拉米諾物成分。阿帕拉奇沼澤分佈在中部和南部阿帕拉奇群島,從賓夕法尼亞州和馬里蘭州西部,從南到喬治亞州,西到肯塔基州。在弗吉尼亞州,支持沼澤的棲息地通常小於 0。面積為 4 公頃(1 ac),但在藍嶺南部(羅傑斯山地區)和西南山嶺地區和山谷地區很少達 4 公頃(10 ac)。該州已記錄少於二十個事件。土壤的成分從純礦物質到表面或深泥炭不同,具有極度酸性,並支持 Sphagnum 和其他苔的厚生長。" 沼澤," 一詞應用於這些濕地,是一個技術誤解,因為這些棲息地並非所有這些棲息地都是真正的泥炭地,而且沒有一個都是陰莖植物系統。然而,這個術語現在在美國東南部被廣泛用作為開放、酸性滲漏濕地的描述符(尤其是那些有大量 Sphagnum)的描述符。我們在這裡採用它以確保一致性(請參閱 Weakley 和 Schafale(1994)以了解更多討論)。這些自然稀有社區的生態動態尚未充分了解,許多例子目前正遭受灌木和樹木入侵。可能導致創造和維護開放沼澤的因素包括火、牧場、海豹以及不穩定土壤的深沉沉積。
Bog vegetation is frequently a mosaic of tree or shrub patches and herbaceous openings. Several compositional variants associated with geography and elevation have been documented in Virginia. Species common to most variants include great rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum), Catawba rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense), silky willow (Salix sericea), smooth alder (Alnus serrulata), cinnamon fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum), tawny cottongrass (Eriophorum virginicum), prickly bog sedge (Carex atlantica), Fraser's marsh St. Johns-wort (Triadenum fraseri) , and brownish beaksedge (Rhynchospora capitellata). Species more restricted to low-elevation (below 900 m [3000 ft]) bogs of the Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Mountains include pitch pine (Pinus rigida), round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia ), bushy bluestem (Andropogon glomeratus), tussock sedge (Carex stricta), tuberous grass-pink (Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus), yellow fringed orchid (Platanthera ciliaris), and Nuttall's reed-grass (Calamagrostis coarctata). Species more restricted to higher-elevation (mostly above 900 m [3000 ft]) bogs of the southern Blue Ridge, Allegheny Mountains, and/or the highest mountains of the Ridge and Valley include stunted red spruce (Picea rubens), long-stalked holly (Ilex collina), northern wild raisin (Viburnum cassinoides), Carolina laurel (Kalmia carolina), cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), rough-leaved goldenrod (Solidago patula), Cuthbert's turtlehead (Chelone cuthbertii), bog goldenrod (Solidago uliginosa var. uliginosa), star sedge (Carex echinata ssp. echinata), narrow-leaf bur-reed (Sparganium acaule), bog willow-herb (Epilobium leptophyllum), narrow-panicled rush (Juncus brevicaudatus), three-seeded sedge (Carex trisperma), Ruth's sedge (Carex ruthii), and thyme-leaf bluets (Houstonia serpyllifolia).
參考文獻:查佩爾(1972),弗萊明和庫林(2001),穆塞爾曼(1970),奧格爾(1982),弗萊明和穆爾黑德(1996)。
© DCR-DNH,加里 ·P· 弗萊明。

下載下面列出的每種社群類型的組成摘要統計資料表。
