
保育與休閒部
目錄沿海平原低溫沼澤和池塘
這個多樣化的排水不良的盆地濕地,是沿岸平原露台的特徵,水面積水平波動和季節性的地面水平。類似的濕地分佈在大西洋中部海岸平原。弗吉尼亞州這個群體的最佳例子是位於約克縣半島上的格拉夫頓池,但其他大型綜合體出現在丁威迪、薩里、懷特島、格洛斯特和馬修斯縣的沿岸平原露台上。此外,還包括德拉蒙德湖的季節性暴露的海岸,這是一個 1,287 公頃(3,180 ac)的天然盆地位於大荒沼澤。詹姆斯河以南,這群組中的兩種社區類型延伸到皮埃蒙特東部,在那裡它們與硬木土壤相關。這些濕地大部分都是季節性洪水,被認為是通過底層富含碳酸鹽的貝殼麥沉積物溶解而形成的沉洞特徵。泥漿沉積物太深,無法影響凹陷的土壤或水化學,在大多數例子中都是強酸性的。弗吉尼亞州東南部的一些凹陷似乎源於深層泥炭燒傷。雖然 " 春池 " 一詞已被應用於該群組中的一些社區,但這個名稱對水文學和許多出現的規模很大的描述不好。

Vegetation in this group varies from forested to entirely herbaceous, representing a sizeable number of distinct community types. Depth and duration of seasonal inundation are apparently the most important factors influencing community composition and the degree to which woody species become established. Dry-season fires in adjacent uplands may spread into ponds and may be another factor limiting the invasion of woody species, although fire frequencies throughout the region have been much reduced in recent decades. Typical trees occurring in wooded ponds are red maple (Acer rubrum), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora), blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica), willow oak (Quercus phellos), overcup oak (Quercus lyrata), and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum). Shrubs that dominate some ponds include buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus), common persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), and fetterbush (Eubotrys racemosus). Herbs characteristic of these communities are well adapted to long periods of submersion. Included are southern waxy sedge (Carex glaucescens), cypress-swamp sedge (Carex joorii), Walter's sedge (Carex striata var. brevis), long-tubercled spikerush (Eleocharis tuberculosa), square-stem spikerush (Eleocharis quadrangulata), creeping rush (Juncus repens), narrow-leaved seedbox (Ludwigia linearis), globe-fruited seedbox (Ludwigia sphaerocarpa), tall flat panic grass (Coleataenia rigidula ssp. rigidula), warty panic grass (Kellochloa verrucosa ), mermaid-weeds (Proserpinaca palustris and Proserpinaca pectinata), short-bristled horned beaksedge (Rhynchospora corniculata), narrow plumegrass (Erianthus strictus), woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus), and pale mannagrass (Torreyochloa pallida var. pallida).
沿岸平原沉積沼澤和池塘是相對罕見的小區群,為州稀有的雞龜( Deirochelys reticularia )和三種州列入州的兩棲動物提供了重要棲息地:馬比山鼠( Ambystoma mabeei),老虎山鼠(Ambystoma tigrinum)和樹青蛙(Hyla grati osa)。此外,全球稀有的植物哈珀(Fimbristylis perpusilla)和池塘香(Litsea aestivalis)僅限 於弗吉尼亞州的這些棲息地。
參考文獻:弗萊明和穆爾黑德(1998),拉溫斯基(1997)。
© DCR-DNH,加里 ·P· 弗萊明。

下載下面列出的每種社群類型的組成摘要統計資料表。
